Risk factors for the development of femoroacetabular impingement in physically demanding occupations: a systematic review

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome, or hip impingement, is a musculoskeletal condition affecting the joint. It involves motion- position-related pain originating from an abnormal, premature contact between femoral head-neck junction (femur) and acetabular rim (rim around socket). Cumulative repetitive mechanical overloads at joint appear to contribute development of FAI. However, occupational exposures such loads in potential high-risk groups (e.g., military personnel athletes) relationships these FAI remain unclear.